語言學的發展與語言哲學有着密切的聯系。為了掌握國際語言學和語言哲學的最新動向、促進國内語言學和語言哲學研究的結合和提高,beat365英国官网网站和美國Rutgers大學認知科學研究中心決定聯合舉辦2011年北航語言學與語言哲學國際論壇,時間為2011年8月22日至26日,地點為beat365英国官网网站英国官网网站。
本論壇将由美國的四名著名教授講學,分别介紹他們最新的研究。論壇将針對3個題目分别安排5次講座(其中兩名教授将合作講同一題目)。論壇之後緊接着是在北京師範大學舉行的“語言與價值”國際學術研讨會(2011年8月26至27日),這四名教授也将前去參加并做特邀發言。
本論壇的講座教授以及講座信息如下:
講座教授
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講座題目(每個題目做5講)
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Ernest Lepore
美國Rutgers大學認知科學研究中心主任、教授
Matthew Stone
美國Rutgers大學計算機系教授
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Convention and Implicit Meanings
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Peter Ludlow
美國Michigan大學哲學系及語言學系教授
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The Dynamic Lexicon: How Word Meanings and Conceptual Pacts are Negotiated
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Paul Pietroski
美國Maryland大學哲學系及語言學系教授
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Meanings as Instructions for How to Build Concepts
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附:講座摘要
Convention and Implicit Meanings
This talk pursues a neglected distinction in the Gricean program: the distinction between the information a speaker intends to get across by an utterance and does mean, and the information he intends to get across but does not mean. One can agree that language use is purposeful activity and still deny that speaker meaning includes everything a speaker recognizably intends to get across with an utterance. Speakers have many ways to get ideas across, and they can often suggest, reveal, show or demonstrate their views without making them a matter of meaning. Speaker meaning, in our view, specifically involves using coordination to contribute information to conversation; it therefore involves distinctive knowledge, context and content. We use the contrast between implicatures due to discourse coherence (meant, in our view) from those due to metaphorical interpretation and "flouting the maxims" (not meant, in our view) to show how our view clarifies the analysis of meaning and intention in dialogue.
The Dynamic Lexicon: How Word Meanings and Conceptual Pacts are Negotiated
In Ludlow (2000, 2005, 2006), I made the case for what I called microlanguages – one-off languages that are constructed on the fly by discourse participants. The key idea behind this was that the standard “static” view of the lexicon is badly mistaken and that discourse participants routinely mint new linguistic items, and that so-called common coins are placed in and out of circulation all the time. Crucially, (i) the meanings of common coin lexical items are underdetermined, and (ii) their meanings are dynamic – in the sense that their meanings are narrowed and broadened, sharpened and loosened on a conversation-by-conversation basis. Borrowing a term from Recanati, we can say that word meanings undergo modulation.
In these lectures I explain the mechanisms underlying the dynamic lexicon and then pursue the consequ